Earthquake is a natural disaster that cannot be predicted in advance. It is very important to know about earthquake awareness and safety tips so that we can not only save our own lives but also the lives of others. This article sheds light on earthquake awareness, and safety measures to be taken during and after an earthquake.
What is an earthquake?
An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the earth's surface caused by the collision of the earth's plates or the tension between them. This process releases energy waves that reach the earth's surface and cause vibrations. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale.
Causes of earthquakes
- Movement of tectonic plates: The earth’s crust consists of large plates called tectonic plates. Their collision, separation, or rubbing causes earthquakes.
- Volcanic eruptions: Earthquakes can also occur due to volcanic eruptions and internal pressure.
- Human activities: Construction, mining, and groundwater extraction may also trigger ground motion.
Prepare before an earthquake
Preparation before an earthquake is very important to minimize damage.
1. Safety planning
- Family plan: Make an emergency plan with your family.
- Gathering place: Decide a safe spot outside the house where everyone can meet.
2. Emergency Kit
Prepare an emergency kit with:
- Water (3 days per person)
- Dry food / fruits
- First Aid Kit
- Flashlight & extra batteries
- Emergency radio
- Whistle
- Copies of important documents
3. Home Safety
- Heavy items: Secure cabinets & furniture.
- Glass items: Store safely.
- Gas/Electricity: Know how to turn off main valves.
Safety tips during an earthquake
When an earthquake strikes, don’t panic. Follow these:
1. If you are indoors
- Drop to the ground.
- Take shelter under sturdy furniture.
- Cover your head & neck.
- Stay away from windows & heavy items.
- If in bed, cover your head with a pillow.
- Don’t use elevators.
2. If you are outdoors
- Move to open space away from buildings & poles.
- Sit and wait until it passes.
- If in car, stop safely away from bridges/tunnels.
3. If you are in a large building
- Use stairs, not elevators.
- Stay calm and guide others.
Safety tips after an earthquake
Be cautious after an earthquake.
1. Immediate actions
- Check injuries: Give first aid.
- Exit safely.
- Wear shoes: Protect from debris.
2. Avoid hazards
- If gas leaks, turn off valve & open windows.
- Stay away from damaged wires.
- Leave home only if advised by rescuers.
3. Communication
- Use phones only for emergencies.
- Listen to radio for updates.
Conclusion
Earthquakes cannot be stopped, but awareness, planning, and quick actions can save lives. Learn these safety tips and share with family and community for a safer society.
